Digital Marketing for Nonprofits: A Step-By-Step Guide

If your navigation does not reflect the goals established in step one, if it doesn’t accurately capture your existing content, or it doesn’t help people find the information they’re looking for, then I suggest you fix the navigation.

First, learn how to decide what goes in the navigation. Next, learn how to write descriptive navigation labels. Last, ensure your navigation is mobile-friendly and responsive.

Step Three: Be Intentional With Hero Images

Hero images set the mood and theme for a given page. On your homepage, the hero should emphasize what your brand does, a current promotion, or a long-term goal. The image should be brand or campaign relevant, easy to understand, and emotionally persuasive.

On a landing page, such as volunteer sign up, event announcement, or blog post, the hero image should emphasize the subject matter being discussed.

Below is an example of how a hero image emphasizes what the Environmental Defense Fund does while also promoting a campaign.

The simple, emotional image works incredibly well from multiple standpoints. The polar bear is walking between thinning ice sheets and just barely making it, symbolizing it needs help. The bear’s face points directly at the Give Now button. The button itself is bright blue and easily distinguishable. Plus, because the image is static, rather than a video or carousel, this scene is the user’s sole focus when first visiting the page.

Step Four: Use Descriptive Labels

Descriptive calls to action, anchor texts, or navigation labels are vital to the success of your website because they show users what to expect upon clicking a link or button. By setting clear expectations, the copy leaves no room for interpretation and users can navigate your website with minimal frustration.

When you write an interactive label, perform a quick test. If you wrote the copy on a blank piece of paper and showed it to a stranger, would they understand what you are talking about? Is it descriptive enough that they would understand the context and have reasonable expectations about the content to follow?

Step Five: Set Up a Donation Platform

Online donation processing is among the more challenging aspects of running a nonprofit. A quality, customizable payment processing platform that integrates into your existing content management system (WordPress, HubSpot, Drupal, etc.) is a lifesaver for small-to-medium nonprofits.

An embedded platform increases conversions during the donation stage because users stay on the same domain and can donate through multiple trusted methods, such as PayPal, Apple Pay, or Google Pay. Some platforms also allow you to receive donations in foreign currency and harvest donor data, letting you personally thank donors or send annual donation reminders.

I recommend Donorbox for small-to-medium organizations. The platform is robust, reputable, and has quality customer support. Plus, Donorbox is free to use for the first $1,000 you collect each month. The platform charges 1.5% on donations after $1,000.

Below is an example of how the Donorbox payment form can look, via one of Portent’s pro bono clients, Rise Up School of Dance.

Step Six: Optimize Your Donation Page and Form

The donation page and experience should be simple and focused only on donations. Keep events, programs, and other non-donation-related content off the donation page.

Below is an example of a great donation form and experience.

This form and page accomplish eight crucial donation form best practices:

• The “Donate” hero image clearly identifies where users are and the purpose of this page.
• The form pre-selects a donation amount, which can improve form performance and increase the average donation.
• The form lets users choose if they want to donate once or set up a recurring donation.
• The form requires only necessary information.
• The copy tells users how their donation is being used and emphasizes the donation is tax-deductible.
• The page offers social proof with a Charity Navigator Badge.
• The sidebar includes additional donation formats, in case users want to donate in more ways than cash.
• After a user completes the form, they are directed to a Thank You page.

If possible, ensure your donation form meets the eight best practices in the above list. If you’d like to go further in optimizing your donation form or landing page, check out this guide.

Step Seven: Use Visually Distinct Donation Buttons

Donations are the bread-and-butter of every NGO, and users expect to be able to locate a donation button from any page within a few seconds. The industry standard is to have the donation button in the top-right navigation. You should also make the donate button a bright color to clash against the rest of the design.

Step Eight: Evaluate (And Fix) Your Footer

The purpose of the footer is to provide easy-to-find information, boost organic search results, and build internal links. The footer navigation shouldn’t be a catch-all spot to plug extra links you want to promote. Instead, it’s important to keep this section of your website clean, concise, and readable.

The footer should be home to hard-to-find content and commonly expected information, such as contact options, careers, brand partners, testimonials or awards, and social media profiles.

Below are two examples of nonprofits that have clean, optimized footer navigations:

For more in-depth information, the Nielsen Norman Group has an in-depth guide on how to optimize your footer.

Step Nine: Create User-Centric Content

Creating content your users care about is a never-ending step. To remain relevant in search results and maintain your user’s interest, you need to publish high-quality content on a regular basis.

High-quality content always focuses on a user’s need and achieves the following three attributes:

• Answers an argument or question: It provides a clear, definitive answer to a question or argument a user has.
• Prescriptive and tactically actionable: The content should have at least one tactical takeaway that can be executed by the intended audience, such as signing a petition, volunteering, or donating.
• Self-contained: The prescriptive action or answer must include all necessary information so that the reader can act or deliver that answer without additional research. If you have existing content that could clarify an answer, you should link to it. Ask yourself: Could the reader comfortably act on your advice without using Google?

How you decide what content to produce should depend on two things:

• Your website objectives and business goals
• What your users want from your website

Ideally, you should blend both options when making content.

For example, if you want to increase dog adoptions, you’ll create a page for each adoptable dog. On that page, write about the dog’s personality and answer common questions people ask in-person. Also provide multiple photos of the pooch, and let people know when and where they can meet her. Last, include links to resources about the adoption process, and the lifestyle people should be prepared for if they adopt a dog.

Content production can be a long and tricky process, but it’s necessary if you want to provide a positive user experience. When you’re ready, the following guides will walk you through content ideation and creation:

Step 10: Monitor Your Content

The last step is also one that never ends. You should evaluate your content’s performance on a regular basis to know if it’s performing to your expectations. The first step is to choose content KPIs to evaluate. Next, determine how often you want to audit your content. Last, update any underperforming content so it better abides by the high-quality guidelines in step nine. If the content can’t be updated, remove it from the website and set up a 301 redirect to a relevant page.

If you have existing content and want to check its performance, try Animalz Revive, a free tool that syncs with your Google Analytics data to highlight blog posts and other web pages that suffer from content decay (stale, stagnated, or out-of-date content) and should be updated.

Pay-Per-Click Advertising

PPC advertising is a crucial tool to drive user engagement, increase donations, and build brand recognition. PPC allows nonprofits to target potential donors, volunteers, or advocates while they browse search engine results, explore a website, or watch a video.

Best of all, non-profit businesses are eligible for the Google Ads Grants program, which awards $10,000 per month to advertise on Google’s search network.

Step One: Sign Up for a Google Ads Account

Sign up for Google Ads, formerly known as Google Adwords. It’s free, and Google has the most robust paid advertising platform around.

If you’ve never used Google Ads or any PPC platform, I suggest enrolling in Google’s free paid advertising academy, which teaches newcomers everything they need to know about Google Ads.

Step Two: Sign Up for Google Ad Grants

As previously mentioned, non-profit businesses are eligible for the Google Ad Grants program. You should sign up for it. Small-to-medium nonprofits may not even eclipse the $10,000 per month the grant provides, effectively letting you run a PPC campaign for free.

There are terms and conditions which you must agree to, and there are strict guidelines you must abide by if you use this program (e.g., quality score requirements, CTR requirements, click cost ceilings).

Step Three: Download Google Ads Desktop Editor

Google has a free desktop editor program which makes bulk changes easy. The software’s bulk edit option is much faster than applying changes one-by-one in the browser-based user interface.

Step Four: Determine the Goal of Your PPC Campaign

In 2018, nonprofits grew their digital ad budgets by 144% and invested roughly 10% of earned online revenue into digital ads.¹ Every dollar earned and spent online should be part of a larger plan.

Before allocating any money to a campaign, you need to ask yourself one question: what is the goal of this specific campaign?

For most nonprofits, the best goal is to efficiently acquire direct leads to a donation or volunteer page. Hopefully, this exposure gets new potential members or donors introduced to your organization.

If you choose this goal, the ads you run should show users why your organization is important, how it affects causes they care about, and encourages them to keep in touch to get more involved.

Step Five: Learn PPC Lingo

Much like Analytics and SEO, PPC has its own lingo, and knowing common phrases will make creating ads and going through Google Academy significantly easier. Below are the most important terms for you to know.

Metrics

CPC: cost per click (cost divided by clicks)

CTR: click-through rate (clicks divided by impressions)

CVR: conversion rate (leads or conversions divided by clicks)

CPA or CPL: cost per acquisition or cost per lead (cost divided by leads or conversions)

Impression Share: your visibility or “share of voice” (impressions divided by total search volume)

Other Key Terms

Campaign: a collection of ad groups that has a daily budget assigned to it. These are typically differentiated systematically by keyword category (for example)

Ad group: a collection of keywords and the corresponding text ads which are eligible to show to users when one of those keywords is triggered by a user’s search query

Quality Score: a measurement of a keyword’s quality (ranging from 1-10) that directly factors into how much you pay for a click

Ad Rank: a value assigned by Google in an auction which determines your ad’s position on a SERP (or if it shows up at all)

Bid Strategy: an automated bidding option offered by Google. There are several; advertisers can choose those that make the most sense based on their campaigns’ goals

Step Six: Brainstorm Keywords

After you’ve determined the campaign goal, your next step is to consider which phrases people will most likely search for that are relevant to your organization and can result in a lead.

I recommend that you work your way from the bottom of the funnel to the top. Users who search for your organization’s name are typically the most likely to convert, so start with these branded phrases.

After accounting for branded search terms, take a look at your website and use your main category pages (navigation categories, core product or service pages, etc.) as starting points. Each of these categories can be their own PPC campaign. Plus, you can evaluate the organic keywords that are directly relevant to each category to get inspiration for your paid keyword strategy.

For example, let’s say you run a local food shelter and need more volunteers. Your website has a volunteer page, which contains all the information users need to sign up for volunteer work. You can create a PPC campaign focused on keywords potential volunteers might search for, such as “food shelter volunteer.” The ads would send users to the volunteer page on your website and hopefully get new sign-ups.

Step Seven: Verify PPC Keywords

Once you have a list of initial keyword ideas, use Google Ads’ keyword planner to determine if those terms are searched for in volume. Ideally, you want to target keywords that have high volume and low competition scores. Afterward, you can sort the chosen keywords into ad groups and campaigns, which you can then add to your Google Ads account and expand upon.

Before you move to step eight, read this keyword volume guide by WordStream. The resource delves into everything you need to know about keyword search volume, which is relevant for PPC and SEO.

Step Eight: Add More Keywords

After you’ve determined the base keyword list, including branded terms, you’ll want to move up the funnel and expand your keyword selection to target concepts tangentially relevant to your organization.

Consider what phrases are applicable to your user demographic but not directly related to your nonprofit. If you want to target users who are interested in food scarcity but don’t currently volunteer, you might research the keyword volume for terms like “hunger statistics in Seattle,” and then build campaigns around the results.

Keep repeating this process until you’ve exhausted your keyword opportunities or surpassed your target budgets.

If you want a more in-depth look, read WordStream’s guide to researching and developing a PPC keyword strategy.

Step Nine: Choose Destinations for the Ads

If you have a great website with robust content and high conversion rates, it’s feasible to use topically relevant pages on your site as landing pages for your PPC campaigns. However, if your site is lacking content specific to a campaign topic, then you should consider developing a custom PPC landing page.

Unbounce has a good guide you should read if you are interested in developing custom PPC landing pages.

Step 10: Choose Your Ad Types

In 2018, nonprofits spent about 55% of their online ad budget on direct fundraising, such as a “give now” banner ad that directs people to a donation page. Lead generation and advocacy, like signing a petition or completing a survey, accounted for 23% of their digital ad budget. The last 21% of digital ad budgets went toward branding, awareness, and education campaigns.¹

The ad format directly affects click-through rates, conversion rates, cost per lead, and cost per acquisition. Which format you choose and how much budget you dedicate to each method depends on four factors:

• Online advertising budget
• Campaign goals
• Keyword volume and competition
• Remarketing efforts

For display advertising, like banner and video ads, how much money a nonprofit spends to earn a donation depends largely on organization size, reputation, and recognition.

In 2018, nonprofits spent an average of $359 to convert a single donor with display advertising. Small nonprofits reported around $1,170 cost per donation, while medium and large nonprofits averaged around $170 cost per donation.¹

The significant difference boils down to budget and name recognition. Smaller nonprofits have less recognition and users often perform more research before donating to the cause, whereas large nonprofits already have an established trust factor and require less scrutiny.

For small nonprofits, display ads are best used to build brand awareness or remarket users who have previously interacted with your website. Check out PPC Hero’s guide for more information about remarketing purposes and strategies.

If your campaign goal is to target high-intent users who are looking for a specific cause or nonprofit, you’ll want to use search ads.

To acquire donors via search ads, nonprofits spent an average of $33 in 2018.1 Small nonprofits experienced a cost per donor of $83, while medium or large nonprofits spent $27 and $21, respectively.¹ Again, name recognition and trust are the likely factors causing this discrepancy.

Although search clicks are more expensive for small nonprofits, the conversion rate and donation per donor will likely be better.

Because small nonprofits also likely have small search pools with limited keywords and low to moderate keyword volume, I recommend they max out their budget on the best search keywords and search campaigns. Despite the average cost of $83 per conversion, the conversion rate will likely be higher because the leads are more qualified and lower-funnel. If search alone proves to be too cost-prohibitive or if you’re competing in an extremely competitive space, a blend of display and search ads can be a viable solution.

After you’ve optimized your search opportunities, use remarketing to target users with display ads.

Step 11: Write the Ad Copy

Once you have your campaigns planned out, make sure you write ad copy that speaks directly to the terms present in each ad group. The copy should be concise, convincing, and have a clear call to action so the users know what to expect if they click your ad.

If you use Google Grants, you need to maintain a high CTR threshold, so ensure your ad copy is relevant and direct. Read this Google ad copy best practice guide by Unbounce and Portent’s blog post on ad directness to make sure your ad copy is in tip-top shape.

Step 12: Publish the Ads and Monitor Results

Publish the Google Ads campaigns that you want to run. Once your campaigns begin generating impressions, clicks, and (hopefully) leads, you want to analyze and optimize the campaigns.

Does one specific campaign have lots of clicks but no leads? Consider decreasing this campaign’s daily budget, change its bid amounts or bidding strategy, alter keyword match types, or pause a keyword that’s wasting money, and so on. Eventually, you should see your conversion metrics improve and your profitability increase.

As you bound further down the optimization burrow, read the following blog posts for more PPC strategies and techniques:

Paid social media advertising is a powerful way to introduce your brand to a pool of new but relevant users. You can use paid social to target users who fit your target demographic or interact with your company’s social media profile by using personalized and interactive creative content.

Although PPC and paid social use similar strategies, PPC is a “push channel” while paid social is a “pull channel.” Unlike PPC, which targets people’s intent and pushes them toward taking action, social media users aren’t actively looking for a certain nonprofit or want to learn about a specific cause. But you can pull users toward your brand by serving them the right creative at the right time. Using this tactic, you can convert these users into new donors, volunteers, or advocates.

Step One: Choose What Social Media Platforms to Use

Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter are the best social platforms for nonprofits to use for paid advertising.

What type of content your users find engaging is the most important consideration when you choose a social media platform because each platform is tailored for specific content. We suggest you chat with your donors, volunteers, and staff about what content they want to interact with, and then decide if you have the resources to produce that tailored content.

While you’re doing this research, here are a few pros and cons to keep in mind for each social platform.

Facebook/Instagram Pros

Both platforms have a huge audience and frequent users — Instagram has more than 1 billion users and 2.23 billion people log on Facebook each month. The content you publish is longer lasting than Twitter. Emotional or eye-catching photos and videos tend to perform best on Facebook and Instagram. The platforms are easy to use and familiar to most people. And Facebook provides lots of free resources for nonprofits to get started.

Facebook/Instagram Cons

Organic reach has fallen dramatically compared to what it used to be. For a non-profit that doesn’t already have a presence on Facebook, it will be difficult to build an audience without putting ad dollars behind the account.

Twitter Pros

Easy to communicate with users. Twitter has lots of daily users, and it’s growing in popularity. Plus, with hashtags and trends, it’s easy to find trending topics and join relevant conversations.

Twitter Cons

Tweets age out after a few minutes because so much content is being published to a user’s timeline at once.

If you want more information about the types of social media ads and how each platform uses them, read Hootsuite’s social media advertising guide.

When you decide which platforms to use, also keep in mind brand persona consistency. The brand should feel similar across each social channel, including the account name, imagery, and tone and voice. Although the content is unique on each platform, users should be able to follow your different accounts and still tell the content comes from the same company.

Step Two: Determine Platform Goals

Before you dive into developing a social media strategy, you should determine what your main goal for each platform is, such as customer service, community building, lead generation, event promotion, etc. The strategy doesn’t need to be the same for every platform, nor does each platform need to get equal attention. However, the goals you choose should influence your decisions in the following steps.

Buffer provides a great overview of common social media advertising goals and metrics that you could consider. Check out their guide if you want to dive into this subject further.

Step Three: Get Verified

If you choose to use and advertise on Facebook or Instagram, you’ll need to get your profile verified and sign additional terms and conditions. Both platforms have different ad guidelines for companies that promote ads on topics of “national importance.” Because most non-profits are mission-based, following these guidelines is crucial. Without verification, your ads could be denied because your account isn’t approved to discuss certain topics.

Step Four: Sign Up for Facebook Charitable Giving

Another resource to take advantage of during the early stages of your social strategy is Facebook’s Charitable Giving program, which lets users donate to your organization directly from Facebook profiles or feeds. The program also lets Facebook users set up fundraising campaigns on their personal profiles for your organization.

Step Five: Sign Up for Instagram Donations

After you’re approved to use the Facebook Charitable Giving program, you should set up Instagram’s donation button and stickers, which let users donate up to $2,500 through the platform.

Step Six: Set a Realistic Budget

Unfortunately, unlike PPC, nonprofits don’t get free advertising money each month from social media platforms. It’s important you establish a realistic campaign budget to make your money stretch its furthest and get the most value from every cent.

There are a lot of guides to read about establishing social advertising budgets. Buffer provides a great guide about how to run a social campaign with a $100 budget. Medium-sized nonprofits with more advertising money and content resources should read Hootsuite’s guide, which helps you plan out all the budget considerations you’ll encounter.

Step Seven: Establish Your Campaign KPIs

Think back to the platform goals you established in step two. Now, before you begin building each campaign, you should determine how you’ll measure if those goals are being met.

To figure out the nuts-and-bolts of KPIs, I recommend reading Unbounce’s excellent guide on establishing and measuring social media campaign KPIs.

Step Eight: Determine What Content to Promote

Step one advised thinking about the types of content you’d promote for each platform. Now, it’s time to create that content and put it to use.

I encourage you to mix different media types for your social media content. Most of your posts should incorporate blog posts, educational resources, as well as images and videos to tell personal stories about your community and your nonprofit’s impact.

If you have a consistent content production schedule as part of your content strategy, you can resurface that content on social media and alleviate the amount of content you’d otherwise need to produce. If you don’t have a steady stream of content being produced, you’ll need to develop content specifically for your social platforms. Refer back to the research you did in step one, alongside the KPIs you’ve established, to help decide what content you should produce.

Step Nine: Make Fast, Mobile-Friendly Landing Pages

In 2018, users on mobile devices accounted for 48% of traffic to nonprofit websites and finally surpassed desktop users, which made up 44% of traffic.¹ Mobile users, particularly those engaging with social media content, expect landing pages to load almost instantly. If the page takes more than four seconds to load, 38% of users will abandon the journey and rarely return.

Mobile page speed is also more important for paid social campaigns because advertisers are paying for impressions and link clicks. When users abandon the page before it loads, advertisers lose money without users ever seeing the landing page content.

It’s crucial that any landing page your social campaign uses is optimized for mobile, including site speed. Wordstream has a guide that will teach you how to design and optimize a mobile landing page. And although I’ll discuss site speed more in the SEO section, if you want to skip ahead and get started early, Portent’s ultimate guide to site speed will cover everything you need to know.

Step 10: Create the Campaign Plan

After you identify the content you want to build and promote, the next step is to plan your campaign. Before you write the ads, make sure you know the following information:

Campaign Title: Make sure you have a campaign title to discuss the campaign both internally and with users.

Identify a Campaign Team: Know who is going to manage posting, monitoring, and tweaking the campaign content.

Campaign Budget and Length: To stay within budget and hit your KPIs, you must have an idea of how long your campaign should go on. Here are a few tips on choosing campaign length, in case you’re not sure where to start.

Content Schedule: Know what content you’re publishing, when you’re publishing it, and whom you’re targeting. Also know which landing pages are paired with your scheduled content.

Step 11: Write the Ads

There are several schools of thought for how to write great social media ad copy. Below are a few resources to get you started:

Non-profit organizations also need to be aware of the language they use on social media. Social users are not afraid to provide feedback—either positive or negative—to a non-profit that stands for specific values. These comments or reviews can hold a lot of sway over users that are considering engaging with a small nonprofit. To maintain consistent language use across platforms and minimize the risk of user blowback, make sure to do three things with every ad:

• Follow your organization’s voice and tone guide
• Tailor ad copy to the best practices of each platform
• Be clear and concise with your CTAs

Optional Step 12: Choose Hashtags

If you choose to use hashtags in your social posts or paid social ads, the most important concept to keep top-of-mind is hashtag relevancy. It is better to use one hashtag that is extremely relevant than 20 that are not. If popular or trending hashtags are not relevant to your campaign, service, or industry, then don’t include them in your ads or posts.

Optional Step 13: Consider Using a Content Management System

Managing social media campaigns for multiple platforms can take considerable amounts of time and resources. If you plan to advertise or promote content on more than one platform, consider using a content management system, such as Hootsuite, Buffer, or SocialOomph. These programs help manage and maintain your social media channels in one location, and many companies offer free basic accounts. Capterra has a good guide on social media CMS if you’d like to learn more.

Search Engine Optimization

Optimizing your website and its content for search engines allows people to discover your organization when they search online for relevant queries. SEO for nonprofits is practically the same as SEO for any other organization, except that local-focused nonprofits should double-down on their local SEO efforts.

Your ultimate SEO goal is to appear in the top three Google search results for search queries relevant to your cause or brand name. You want to aim for the first three Google results because they get 75.1% of all clicks, with the first result getting an average click-through rate of 31.7%, which is 10x more likely to receive a click compared to a page in the tenth position.

Without proper SEO, websites generally struggle to get discovered unless somebody searches with a site-specific or branded query. But a full-throttle SEO campaign is resource-intense and never-ending. Instead of tackling all 200 ranking factors, I suggest you focus on the following eight areas of improvement. These tasks are among the most important ranking factors and can significantly improve your website’s chances of ranking well:

• Secure your site with HTTPS
• Make your site mobile-friendly
• Improve page load speed
• Produce quality content
• Include the correct schema markup
• Promote your site on social platforms
• Establish a strong local SEO strategy
• Earn quality backlinks

You can learn the high-level concepts for most of these ranking factors with a beginner-friendly SEO guide from OptinMonster. In the steps below, I’ll walk you through what you need to do to establish a strong foothold in SEO and set yourself up for success to implement these steps.

Step One: Sign Up for Google Search Console

Sign up for Google Search Console (GSC), a free tool from Google to monitor Google traffic, search engine rankings, and discover any technical website errors. Search Console also lets you submit any new web pages, sitemaps, and robots.txt to Google’s web index. It’s an invaluable SEO tool.

There are a lot of features, tips, and tricks to Search Console. You can learn the ins-and-outs of the tool from Backlinko, which has one of the most comprehensive and user-friendly GSC guides available. Ahrefs also has a great GSC guide, in case you want a second option.

Step Two: Learn Common SEO Terms and Concepts

SEO is full of niche terms and concepts. Moz has a great guide that covers the most important SEO terms you should know.

Step Three: Secure Your Website with HTTPS

HTTPS is a must for any website with forms, e-commerce, donations, or other privacy vulnerabilities. Plus, HTTPS is a vital SEO ranking factor.

If you don’t have knowledge of website encryption and server configuration, setting up HTTPS can be a bit intimidating. The multi-step process requires coordinating with different parties, and a lot of the steps simply sound confusing. Fortunately, SmashingMagazine has a robust guide to swapping your website from HTTP to HTTPS. Portent does as well, if you want more information on HTTPS migration.

Step Four: Optimize for Mobile

Mobile traffic continues to overtake desktop traffic for most websites, which means nonprofits must consider the mobile experience. In 2018, mobile users made up about half of all web traffic to nonprofit websites. Despite this, mobile users only had a 9% conversion rate and accounted for 30% of gifts and 21% of revenue.¹ An optimized mobile experience can improve how often users engage with your website and ultimately convert.

Mobile-friendly websites and design branches into many different schools of thought. The minimum you need for SEO is a website that’s “responsive” to the user’s device. A responsive website automatically scales content to fit the screen size and device type.

Below are a few different guides that cover everything you need to know. Some of the guides have varying strategies, but all of them are viable, so choose which ones best align with your resources:

When you’re done with the changes to your website, remember to double-check if your site is mobile-friendly with Google’s free tool.

Step Five: Increase Site Speed

Now that your website is mobile-friendly, the next task is to make sure everything loads fast, particularly images. As we discuss in the social media section, mobile users are impatient and bounce from websites that take more than three seconds to fully load.

Portent’s ultimate guide to site speed will cover everything you need to know, starting with the basics and transitioning into more advanced techniques.

Step Six: Sign Up for Moz Keyword Explorer

SEO tools are invaluable for an SEO campaign, but they’re generally expensive. We suggest you sign up for Moz Keyword Explorer because they offer a version of the tool that lets you search for keyword volume and difficulty for a few keywords every day, for free.

If your organization is diving deeper into its SEO efforts, we suggest you either purchase a subscription to MOZ or consider similar SEO tools like Ahrefs and SEMRush. Both tools also have free versions but you run into the paywall faster than with Moz Keyword Explorer.

Step Seven: Perform Keyword Research

Keyword research determines what words, phrases, and topics people search for online. You’ll use this information to determine what content to write and how you write it. Learning how to do keyword research for the first time can quickly get overwhelming. Fortunately, keyword research is a bit like riding a bike; once you’ve done it once, it’s easier the next time.

Backlinko has the best keyword research guide I’ve read. It’s up-to-date, beginner-friendly, and covers almost everything you need to know. Give yourself at least two hours to read the guide and perform your first round of research. If you don’t like the Backlinko guide, Moz also has an excellent option.

While you read the guide, keep in mind that you’ll also want to focus on local keywords to target people directly in your community. These folks will use location-focused keywords, such as “animal shelter near me” or “at-risk teen mentoring in Seattle.”

In addition to the techniques and strategies you’ll learn in the Backlinko or Moz guides, I recommend you perform local keyword research using a local-focused tool such as Bright Local or Grepword’s hyper local tool. Neither of these tools is completely free but Bright Local does offer a free trial, and Grepword’s basic plan is $15 a month. Both tools provide insights about niche, local keywords, and their search volume, which many of the larger keyword tools don’t track.

Below are two additional free keyword research and SEO tools to help you:

• Answer The Public — Learn what people search for online and how they phrase questions.
• CanIRank — Dissolve the convoluted aspects of keyword difficulty and discover how difficult it is for your website to rank for a term.

Step Eight: Identify Where to Incorporate Keywords

After you’ve decided on the keywords you want to use, you need to either write copy using these terms or strategically insert the keywords into existing content. If you’re adding keywords to existing content, you should have identified those pages in the keyword research stage.

There are two crucial rules for inserting keywords:

• The keywords must appear natural. Don’t force a keyword into a sentence where it doesn’t naturally fit. It’s obvious to readers and search engines, and neither will appreciate it.
• Avoid keyword stuffing. Don’t shoehorn keywords repetitively in the copy. Doing so can negatively affect your site’s search rankings, or cause your content to be removed from search listings altogether. There is no rule of thumb for the number of times a keyword should be used. Again, the goal is to make sure the writing sounds natural.

Step Nine: Monitor Your Results

The reason digital marketing is successful is that you can monitor everything. Data is King. But to ascend to the throne, you need to collect that data and understand it.

You’ll combine what you learned about Google Search Console and Google Analytics to track if your SEO efforts are successful. The best SEO metrics to monitor are:

• Impressions
• Organic Sessions
• Organic Conversions
• Organic Click-Through Rate
• Pageviews
• Time on Page
• Bounce Rate
• Topic and Keyword Rankings
• Share of Voice
• Backlinks
• Page Load Speed
• Number of Pages Indexed
• Crawl Errors
• Moz Domain Authority

Read Portent’s blog post, How to Measure SEO Performance: Vital Metrics & KPIs to learn more about these metrics, how you measure them, and why.

Step 10: Build Backlinks

Backlinks (when somebody links to your website from theirs) from authoritative websites are a positive ranking factor, and help people discover your content and brand. Generally, nonprofits have an easier time earning backlinks because people are more willing to link to nonprofit sites than for-profit business sites.
Link building is an enormous part of the SEO industry and there are dozens of different tactics to try. I linked two of my favorite guides below, but you likely won’t need to put much effort into acquiring links beyond the following three steps:

• Ask local news organizations that cover your cause, events, or organization to provide a link back to your website. A link to the home page, about page, or cause-focused content are often the best options.
• When you publish a high-quality blog post or educational resource, ask other websites that discuss similar topics to link to your blog article.
• Produce quality content that follows the steps in the content strategy and SEO sections. If you invest your time and resources to make useful, quality content and it begins ranking for relevant keywords, you’ll naturally acquire backlinks.

Link building guides for more information:

Optional Step 11: Set Up Google My Business

If your non-profit organization services the local community, you need to sign up for a Google My Business (GMB) account. GMB is a free tool from Google that improves local rankings and visibility on desktop and mobile.

The platform lets you manage how your business appears in Google’s Knowledge Panel sidebar. Through GMB, you can display your nonprofit’s name, physical location, and hours. It also lets you monitor and reply to user reviews.

For setting up GMB using best practices, I recommend HubSpot’s beginner-friendly GMB guide. Afterward, take a look at Google’s advanced tips to further optimize your local online presence.

Optional Step 12: Give Your Developer Our SEO for Developers Guide

If your organization has access to a web developer, Portent has a comprehensive guide for developers to execute on the SEO needs you’ll bring them. If you don’t have a developer and are running into technical roadblocks when trying to implement my recommendations, you might find some solutions in the guide, too.

And That’s A Wrap

At the beginning of this guide, you may have been reluctant to dip your toes into the previously murky waters of marketing. You still might be, and that’s O.K. After all, digital marketing requires a lot of time—a resource nonprofits always need more of.

But if you decide to dive into the deep end, I hope the steps you read illuminated the depths of what you need to accomplish to build a digital presence from the ground up. And if you have the resources to implement the techniques and strategies I discuss, please dedicate that time and energy. The investment pays off, and you’ll be in a better position to fight for the causes you care about.

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